Nevado del Ruiz is a composite volcano, also known as a stratovolcano. Stratovolcanoes, also known as composite cones, have gentle lower slopes, but get very steep near the summit, which give them the cone like shape. Nevado del Ruiz has an overall andesitic and dacitic structure made of layers (strata) of hardened lava, tephra, and volcanic ash. Nevado del Ruiz also has a layered appearance with alternating pyroclastic, mud, lava, and debris flows, and is created by an oceanic to continental convergent boundary.
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